Implementation of CAPON Algorithm for DOA Estimation

In this paper, we employ an 8-element antenna array and implement the CAPON algorithm for directional signal estimation. The implementation involves computing the covariance matrix of received signals and applying minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming to estimate signal directions. We generate a comprehensive curve demonstrating how DOA estimation error varies with changing Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) levels. The SNR variation analysis examines estimation performance under different noise conditions, illustrating how signal direction estimation improves with higher SNR values. This technique finds broad applications in wireless communication systems and radar technologies, where accurate spatial signal processing is critical. Understanding DOA estimation methods and optimization techniques is essential for enhancing system performance in practical implementations, particularly through proper array calibration and covariance matrix inversion techniques in the CAPON algorithm.