MATLAB Implementation of DOA Estimation Algorithms

This article presents a comprehensive set of Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms implemented in MATLAB, including: MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) algorithm, Spatial Smoothing MUSIC technique, Root-MUSIC method, ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques) algorithm, and MVDR (Minimum Variance Distortionless Response) approach. These algorithms share the common characteristic of enabling straightforward comparison between different DOA estimation methodologies through systematic implementation. The MUSIC algorithm typically involves eigenvalue decomposition of the covariance matrix and noise subspace identification for spectral peak search. Spatial Smoothing MUSIC extends conventional MUSIC by incorporating forward/backward averaging to handle coherent signals. Root-MUSIC replaces spectral search with polynomial rooting for improved resolution. ESPRIT exploits rotational invariance properties through signal subspace decomposition, while MVDR implements Capon's minimum variance beamformer for high-resolution estimation. Notably, these algorithms find extensive applications across various domains including audio signal processing, radar imaging, wireless communications, and array signal processing systems.