Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA): A Nature-Inspired Metaheuristic for Single-Objective Optimization Problems

Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is a novel metaheuristic optimization technique designed for solving optimization problems. The algorithm employs three core operators to simulate humpback whales' predatory behaviors: encircling prey, bubble-net feeding, and hunting mechanisms. It is specifically tailored for single-objective optimization tasks. The copyright belongs to the original developers, to whom we extend our respect. Key implementations include mathematical modeling of whale movement patterns and position updates using logarithmic spiral equations.