Water-Filling Algorithm: The Core Algorithm for Subcarrier and Channel Allocation in OFDM Systems
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The water-filling algorithm discussed in this document is the cornerstone algorithm for subcarrier and channel allocation in OFDM systems, playing a critical role in resource optimization. The algorithm dynamically allocates power across subcarriers based on channel conditions, maximizing total data throughput under power constraints—akin to pouring water into an uneven terrain where power distributes according to signal-to-noise ratios. Numerous enhanced algorithms have been developed by extending the water-filling approach, incorporating constraints like fairness, bit error rate, or multi-user scenarios. Key functions in implementation often involve sorting channel gains, calculating power thresholds, and iteratively assigning power until the total power budget is exhausted. These advancements significantly boost system efficiency and reliability, making OFDM-based communication more robust.
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