Wireless Sensor Network Node Control with Clustering and Power Management

Wireless sensor network node control plays a crucial role in WSN research. This implementation enables efficient node clustering through algorithms like LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) or HEED (Hybrid Energy-Efficient Distributed clustering), where cluster heads are selected based on residual energy and communication costs to optimize data routing. The system architecture typically includes neighbor discovery protocols, cluster formation functions, and intra-cluster communication handlers. Furthermore, the framework provides power control simulation capabilities using models like the Friis free-space path loss formula and battery consumption calculators, allowing researchers to analyze node energy depletion patterns and network lifetime. Key functions include transmit power adjustment based on distance thresholds, sleep scheduling mechanisms, and energy harvesting integration. These features help optimize network performance by balancing communication reliability with energy conservation, making WSN node control research vital for advancing real-world applications in environmental monitoring, smart agriculture, and industrial IoT systems.