MATLAB Simulation of LEACH Routing Algorithm

This demonstration presents a MATLAB simulation framework for implementing the LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) routing algorithm. LEACH represents a foundational wireless sensor network protocol that achieves energy efficiency through dynamic cluster formation and cluster head selection mechanisms. The MATLAB simulation code enables comprehensive performance evaluation of LEACH under various network configurations and parameter settings. The implementation includes core algorithmic components such as: stochastic cluster head election using threshold calculations (T(n) = p/(1-p*(r mod 1/p))), round-based network operation cycles, and energy consumption modeling for transmission and data aggregation. Through this simulation environment, researchers can analyze critical metrics including network lifetime, energy distribution patterns, and data transmission efficiency. The code structure incorporates modular functions for node deployment, cluster formation algorithms, and energy-aware communication protocols. Simulation results provide visualizations of cluster topology evolution and comparative performance analysis under different node densities and initial energy configurations. This implementation serves as both an educational tool for understanding WSN routing principles and a research platform for protocol optimization and extension.