MATLAB Program for Generating Spectrograms from WAV Audio Files

This document presents a MATLAB program designed to generate spectrograms from WAV audio files. The program implements a complete workflow starting with loading audio files into MATLAB using the audioread() function, which returns the audio data and sampling frequency. For signal processing, the program utilizes Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) analysis through the spectrogram() function, which divides the audio signal into overlapping segments using a windowing function (typically Hamming or Hanning windows) and computes the Fourier transform for each segment. The algorithm calculates frequency content over time by specifying parameters such as window size, overlap percentage, and FFT length to control time-frequency resolution trade-offs. The resulting spectrogram visualization uses imagesc() or spectrogram() plotting functions to display energy distribution across different frequencies and time intervals, with color mapping representing amplitude intensity. Key implementation aspects include proper handling of mono/stereo audio files, logarithmic frequency scaling for better perceptual representation, and customizable parameters for analytical flexibility. This program enables comprehensive analysis of audio characteristics, supporting further research in audio signal processing, feature extraction, and time-frequency analysis applications. The spectrogram output reveals temporal patterns, harmonic structures, and transient events within the audio signal.