Polarimetric SAR Image Processing

Polarimetric SAR image processing involves the effective fusion and visualization of data from different polarization channels. By synthesizing HH, HV, and VH polarization channels into a color image, this technique enables intuitive visualization of scattering property differences in ground targets.

During the color synthesis process, preprocessing of the three polarization channels is typically required, including steps such as radiometric correction, noise suppression, and dynamic range adjustment. Implementation often involves using algorithms like the Lee filter for noise reduction and histogram equalization for dynamic range optimization. After processing, the three channels are mapped to different components of the RGB color space to form a color composite image, typically achieved through matrix operations where each polarization channel corresponds to specific color components.

This synthesis method not only enhances the visual appeal of the images but also emphasizes the differences in polarimetric scattering characteristics among various ground targets. For instance, forest areas show distinct responses across different polarization channels, allowing clear differentiation of vegetation types through color synthesis. The processing can be implemented using polarimetric decomposition algorithms like Pauli or Cloude-Pottier decomposition to extract specific scattering mechanisms.