MATLAB Function Description for Double Convex Lens Simulation

This MATLAB program simulates the imaging process of two convex lenses. First, let's detail the functionality of convex lenses. A convex lens is an optical component that focuses light rays to a single point, primarily serving to alter light propagation direction and focal distance. The simulation implements geometric optics algorithms where light ray tracing is calculated using Snell's law and lensmaker's equations. Key parameters including curvature radius and refractive index can be adjusted through MATLAB's graphical interface or script variables to observe variations in imaging results. The code structure includes a main simulation loop that propagates light rays through sequential optical elements, with matrix transformation functions handling coordinate system conversions. The imaging quality analysis module calculates metrics like spot size and focal length using interpolation methods. Additionally, we provide a complementary aperture imaging simulation that models diffraction effects when light passes through circular openings. This module employs Fourier optics principles, using FFT-based propagation algorithms to simulate near-field and far-field diffraction patterns. Both simulations help users understand the fundamental characteristics and roles of convex lenses and apertures in optical systems, with visualization outputs including ray diagrams, intensity profiles, and point spread function displays.