Computing Allan Variance for Time-Domain Signals

This MATLAB program is designed to compute the Allan variance for time-domain signals. The Allan variance serves as a key metric for quantifying signal randomness and stability. By calculating variances across different time intervals and plotting the results, the program generates Allan variance curves that reveal signal characteristics and trends. The implementation involves segmenting the input signal data into overlapping or contiguous intervals, computing variances for each segment, and then averaging results to form the Allan deviation plot. This tool assists researchers and engineers in comprehensively analyzing time-domain signal properties, providing critical insights for applications such as sensor noise evaluation, oscillator stability assessment, and inertial navigation system calibration. The code structure includes functions for data preprocessing, interval selection, variance calculation, and logarithmic plotting to visualize the relationship between variance and averaging time.