Wave Field Simulation Using Second-Order Staggered Grid Spatial Scheme for Wave Equation

Wave field simulation using the second-order staggered grid spatial scheme for the wave equation is a common seismic exploration technique that employs computer simulations to predict seismic wave propagation patterns, enabling better understanding of subsurface structures. However, simulation results may deviate from actual observations due to unresolved dispersion issues inherent in this method. The numerical implementation typically involves discretizing the wave equation using central difference approximations for spatial derivatives, with velocity and stress components distributed on staggered grid points to improve stability. To overcome dispersion limitations, researchers continuously develop improved approaches such as implementing higher-order finite difference schemes (e.g., fourth-order or eighth-order spatial operators) which reduce numerical errors by expanding the discretization stencil, or introducing advanced filtering techniques like optimal wavelength filters that modify wavenumber responses. These algorithmic enhancements are expected to contribute to more accurate and detailed predictions in seismic exploration applications, particularly through optimized wave propagation modeling with minimized numerical dispersion artifacts.