MATLAB Code Implementation for Array Sorting

In MATLAB, array sorting can be efficiently implemented using the built-in `sort` function. This function supports sorting vectors, matrices, and multidimensional arrays while allowing specification of sorting dimensions, direction (ascending or descending), and returning sorted indices.

### 1. Basic Sorting The `sort` function performs ascending order sorting by default. When applied to vectors, it directly returns sorted results; for matrices, users can specify column-wise (`dim=1`) or row-wise (`dim=2`) sorting. For example: `sorted_vector = sort(original_vector)` or `sorted_matrix = sort(original_matrix, dim)`.

### 2. Dimension-Specific Sorting For matrices and multidimensional arrays, the `dim` parameter controls the sorting orientation. Setting `dim=1` performs column-wise operations where each column is sorted independently, while `dim=2` processes rows sequentially. The algorithm operates along specified dimensions using efficient comparison-based sorting methods.

### 3. Sorting Direction Control Sorting direction is controlled through `'ascend'` (default) or `'descend'` parameters. Descending order is particularly useful in data analysis for identifying maximum values or top-ranked data. Implementation example: `sorted_data = sort(data, 'descend')`.

### 4. Custom Sorting (Element-Based) For structured arrays or table data requiring sorting by specific columns/fields, combine with `sortrows` function. This function accepts column indices or field names for flexible custom sorting. Implementation approach: `sorted_table = sortrows(table_object, column_index)` employs stable sorting algorithms while preserving relative order of equal elements.

### 5. Obtaining Sort Indices Beyond returning sorted arrays, `sort` can output indexing vectors using two-output syntax: `[sorted_array, indices] = sort(original_array)`. These indices facilitate subsequent operations like data matching or rearranging associated arrays, leveraging MATLAB's efficient index mapping capabilities.

MATLAB's sorting functionality demonstrates high efficiency and flexibility across diverse data processing scenarios. Through appropriate parameter selection, users can effortlessly implement ascending/descending orders, multi-column sorting, and complex data organization requirements.