Split-Step Fourier Integration Method

In this article, we employ the Split-Step Fourier Integration Method to model dispersion and self-phase modulation (SPM) in optical fibers. These phenomena are critically important in fiber-optic communications. Dispersion arises from wavelength-dependent propagation velocities, leading to signal distortion, while SPM originates from nonlinear effects of high-intensity light waves, impacting signal transmission quality. The algorithm implementation involves alternating between frequency-domain operations (handling dispersion via Fourier transforms) and spatial-domain calculations (modeling nonlinear effects like SPM). By utilizing this method, we achieve higher accuracy in simulating these effects, enabling better understanding of fiber communication characteristics and performance. Our computational approach incorporates key parameters such as fiber refractive index and attenuation factors, with iterative steps ensuring precision through operator splitting techniques. The code structure typically involves discrete propagation steps where linear and nonlinear effects are computed separately before recombination.