Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for Power System Harmonic Analysis

In power systems, harmonics represent a common issue that can degrade power quality and affect the normal operation of electronic equipment. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method effectively addresses this problem by decomposing power system frequencies to separate fundamental waves from third harmonics. This implementation employs a radix-2 Cooley-Tukey algorithm for efficient frequency domain analysis, featuring zero-padding for optimal spectral resolution and windowing functions (such as Hanning window) to minimize spectral leakage. The code calculates magnitude spectra and identifies harmonic components through peak detection algorithms. The methodology is applicable not only for power system harmonic analysis but also serves as a fundamental tool for general signal processing tasks. Through this approach, we gain deeper insights into harmonic issues within power systems, enabling the development of more effective solutions to enhance power quality and system stability. Key implementation features include: - FFT-based frequency decomposition with configurable sampling rates - Automatic detection of fundamental frequency and harmonic orders - Spectral magnitude calculation and harmonic component extraction - Visualization capabilities for frequency spectrum analysis - Configurable parameters for different power system specifications