MATLAB Source Code for Reading SEG-Y Files

This project requires utilizing the MATLAB programming language to read SEG-Y files. Before commencing code development, it's essential to understand the characteristics of SEG-Y files and MATLAB's fundamental syntax. SEG-Y files represent a standard format for seismic exploration data, containing extensive seismic wave information and geological data. Therefore, our implementation must accurately extract this data and convert it into MATLAB-compatible formats. During code implementation, we employ several key MATLAB functions and programming constructs. The fread function is crucial for binary data reading from SEG-Y files, while reshape facilitates reorganizing seismic traces into appropriate matrix dimensions. For iterative processing of multiple traces, we implement for loops with efficient memory management. The code also incorporates structure arrays to handle both textual headers (3200 bytes) and binary headers (400 bytes), ensuring proper metadata extraction. To maintain code readability and maintainability, we adhere to MATLAB naming conventions and include comprehensive comments explaining each processing stage. Specific attention is given to handling big-endian byte ordering (standard for SEG-Y) using MATLAB's machineformat parameter in fopen. The implementation includes data normalization routines to handle various sample formats (IBM floating-point, IEEE floating-point, or integers). Finally, rigorous testing and debugging procedures validate that the code correctly reads SEG-Y files and converts seismic data into MATLAB arrays while preserving all header information. The solution includes error handling for file validation and format compatibility checks.