Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Simulation of 2D Transverse Electric (TE) Wave Propagation

In the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulation of 2D transverse electric (TE) wave propagation, we employ Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) as absorbing boundary conditions. This approach significantly enhances electromagnetic wave modeling since PML completely absorbs incident waves without reflection artifacts. The implementation typically involves discretizing Maxwell's equations using Yee's grid scheme, where electric and magnetic field components are spatially staggered and updated alternately using leapfrog time integration. PML parameters (such as conductivity profiles and layer thickness) can be programmatically adjusted to optimize absorption performance for different simulation scenarios. Through FDTD simulation, we gain deeper insights into electromagnetic wave propagation mechanisms, providing valuable support for practical applications in photonics and microwave engineering. Key computational aspects include Courant stability condition management and field component updating loops for Ez, Hx, and Hy components in TE mode.