Dijkstra Shortest Path Algorithm Implementation in MATLAB

I am sharing a MATLAB implementation of Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm that I hope will be beneficial for those seeking assistance in this area. The program begins by defining a graph object to store the network structure, typically represented as an adjacency matrix containing edge weights between nodes. We then initialize two crucial vectors: a distance vector that tracks the shortest known distances from the source node to all other nodes, and a predecessor vector that records the optimal path history. The core algorithm employs a while loop that iterates until the shortest path to all reachable nodes is determined. Within each iteration, the program identifies the unvisited node with the minimum distance value using MATLAB's min function, marking this node as visited. The algorithm then updates neighboring nodes' distances through a relaxation process - if a shorter path is found through the current node, both the distance and predecessor vectors are updated accordingly. Key implementation details include using logical indexing for efficient node selection, vectorized operations for performance optimization, and proper handling of infinite distances for unreachable nodes. The program concludes by outputting the computed shortest path distances and the corresponding path sequences, providing a complete solution for pathfinding problems in graph networks.