MATLAB Implementation of GPSR: A Geographic Distance-Based Greedy Routing Protocol

This article explores GPSR (Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing), a geographic distance-based greedy routing protocol commonly used in wireless sensor networks for finding optimal paths. We provide a comprehensive MATLAB simulation that demonstrates GPSR's core algorithm implementation, including: greedy forwarding mechanism that selects the next hop node closest to the destination based on geographic coordinates, and perimeter routing mode for handling local minima situations. The code features visualization components showing node deployment, packet routing paths, and performance metrics calculation. Additionally, we analyze GPSR's advantages in scalability and low overhead due to its stateless nature, while discussing limitations such as void region problems and location dependency. Through this implementation, readers will gain practical understanding of GPSR's working principles and learn to conduct experiments using MATLAB's networking toolbox functions for node communication modeling and path optimization analysis.