Least Squares (LS) Simulation: Three Reference Nodes Locating a Target Node

This document demonstrates the process of using Least Squares (LS) simulation to locate a target node through three reference nodes. The procedure involves two critical phases: simulation parameter configuration and data collection. During parameter setup, multiple factors must be considered including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), error margins, and node coordinate initialization. The LS algorithm implementation typically requires constructing observation matrices using distance measurements and solving the normal equations through matrix operations like pseudo-inversion. For data collection, it's essential to ensure accuracy and completeness by implementing validation checks and outlier detection mechanisms in the code. This typically involves calculating residual errors and implementing iterative refinement loops. Overall, this process requires careful design and execution, with key functions including distance calculation, matrix decomposition, and error minimization routines to achieve reliable positioning results.