TDOA - Time Difference of Arrival Localization Technique

TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) is a localization technique based on signal arrival time differences, commonly used in wireless positioning systems. Its core principle involves calculating target positions by measuring time differences of signals arriving at different receivers from the same source, combined with known receiver coordinates. The implementation typically requires precise time synchronization and signal processing algorithms.

Standard TDOA implementation involves these key computational steps: Signal Acquisition: Multiple receivers synchronously capture signals using hardware timestamps or network time protocols to ensure consistent time references. Time Difference Calculation: Signal processing algorithms (e.g., cross-correlation or generalized cross-correlation) compute arrival time differences between receiver pairs, often implemented with FFT optimization for real-time performance. Position Resolution: Hyperbolic positioning models convert time differences to distance differences, solving target coordinates through least-squares estimation or nonlinear optimization methods like Gauss-Newton iteration.

Your seven files likely contain these functional modules: Signal Preprocessing: Filtering (FIR/IIR designs), noise reduction (wavelet transforms), and synchronization operations to ensure accurate time measurements. TDOA Calculation: Cross-correlation implementations with peak detection algorithms or GCC-PHAT (Phase Transform) variants for improved time-resolution. Position Solving: Matrix operations for least-squares solutions or iterative optimization routines with convergence checks. Visualization: Plotting functions for result display (2D/3D trajectories) and error analysis (RMSE calculations, confidence ellipses).

Recommend debugging each file sequentially, monitoring input/output data flows while cross-referencing algorithmic logic. For hardware-specific implementations (e.g., SDR interfaces or custom protocols), consult relevant documentation on signal formats and timing constraints.