Convolutional Code with Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation

The combination of convolutional coding and Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) represents an efficient communication coding scheme, particularly suitable for noise-prone environments such as wireless communications. This scheme begins by encoding input data using convolutional codes to introduce redundancy for enhanced error correction capability. The encoded bits are then scrambled using a bit interleaver before final modulation and transmission.

Convolutional codes employ shift registers and XOR operations for implementation, characterized by their memory property that utilizes historical information during encoding. The bit interleaver serves to disperse burst errors in the channel, enabling the decoder to handle random errors more effectively. At the receiver side, iterative decoding algorithms (such as Turbo iterative decoding) progressively refine decoding results through feedback mechanisms to improve error correction performance.

The system's advantages lie in its robust interference resistance and high spectral efficiency, making it particularly suitable for high-speed data transmission. Iterative decoding further enhances performance, maintaining low bit error rates even under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions.