MATLAB Implementation of MUSIC Algorithm for Direction of Arrival Estimation with Root-MUSIC Comparison

This paper presents the implementation of the MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) algorithm for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation. The algorithm demonstrates outstanding performance with relatively high accuracy in signal source localization. The MATLAB implementation involves key steps such as calculating the covariance matrix of received signals, performing eigenvalue decomposition to separate signal and noise subspaces, and constructing the MUSIC spatial spectrum through orthogonal projection. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive performance comparison with the root-MUSIC algorithm, which employs polynomial rooting techniques for DOA estimation. While both algorithms play significant roles in DOA estimation applications, our analysis reveals that the standard MUSIC algorithm exhibits superior performance in practical scenarios, particularly in handling coherent signals and achieving better resolution in complex environments. The code implementation includes optimized functions for array signal processing, featuring adaptive threshold setting for peak detection and robust noise subspace identification. We recommend utilizing the MUSIC algorithm implementation for optimal results in DOA estimation tasks, especially when dealing with multiple signal sources and requiring high angular resolution capabilities.